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DC TOPOLOGIES
Today’s commercial data center is undergoing a period of rapid fire change that will forever transform the way in which Data Centers -- both large and small are designed. Given the breakneck speed at which new technologies continue to be introduced, todays Data Centers must have a scalable and flexible infrastructure that enable them to leverage new technologies quickly and easily. A sound fiber optic architecture is critical to this ability with the switch lying at the center of the solution. This is why Levition Fiber Connect developed a “Switch Focused Infrastructure” that defines the latest advances in Data Center topology. This environment is built with the following components at its core.
 Top of Rack (ToR)
End of Row (EoR)
Pod
This configuration enables those who manage data center operations to provide their IT leaders with a planned, systematic approach to equipment migration and future-proofing using the most efficient infrastructure. The end result: A single uniform topology can be shared across multiple locations, computing environments and computing platforms.
Sample Topologies:
Links to some topologies
FAQ
What is a breakout?
The break out is the section from the tip of the connector to the base of the trunk from which the fibers are separated into 2 fiber/channel intersection.
How do I measure a trunk?
All trunks are measured from tip to tip of the connectors.
What types of fiber can we support?
Single Mode
Multi Mode 62.5, 50 micron and laser optimized 50 micron (aqua)
What types of copper cable can we support?
Category5, 5E, 6, 6A
Are all the fiber trunks made in USA?
All fiber trunks, jumpers and harnesses are manufactured in St Charles, IL by the Leviton owned manufacturing facility.
GLOSSARY
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | AA
A (top)
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM): Technology selected by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU, formerly CCITT) for broadband ISDN. This communications protocol is also specified by the ATM Forum (Foster City, CA) for 155 Mb/s transmission over twisted-pair cable and various bit rate optical fiber cabling applications.
Attenuation: A reduction in power or amplitude of the transmitted signal. In cables, it is generally expressed in decibels per unit length.
Analog: Signals that are continually changing, as opposed to being digitally encoded. Attenuation Coefficient: Characteristic of the attenuation of an optical fiber per unit length, in dB/km.
Attenuation: The reduction in optical power as it passes along a fiber, usually expressed in decibels (dB). See optical loss.
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B (top)
Backbone Cabling: Cable and connecting hardware that comprise the main and intermediate cross-connects, as well as cable runs that extend between telecommunications rooms, equipment rooms and entrance facilities.
Back reflection, optical return loss: Light reflected from the cleaved or polished end of a fiber caused by the difference of refractive indices of air and glass. Typically 4% of the incident light. Expressed in dB relative to incident power.
Backscattering: The scattering of light in a fiber back toward the source, used to make OTDR measurements. Bandwidth: The range of signal frequencies or bit rate within which a fiber optic component, link or network will operate.
Bandwidth: A range of frequencies, usually the difference between the upper and lower limits of the range, typically expressed in mega hertz (MHz). It is used to describe the information-carrying capacity of a medium. In copper and optical fibers, the bandwidth decreases with increasing length. Optical fiber bandwidth is specified in megahertz kilometers (MHz-km).
Bending loss, microbending loss: Loss in fiber caused by stress on the fiber bent around a restrictive radius. Bit-error rate (BER): The fraction of data bits transmitted that are received in error.
Bit: An electrical or optical pulse that carries information.
Bundled Cable: An assembly of two or more cables continuously bound together to form a single unit prior to installation (sometimes referred to as loomed, speed-wrap or whip cable constructions).
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C (top)
Cable: One or more fibers enclosed in protective coverings and strength members.
Cable Plant, Fiber Optic: The combination of fiber optic cable sections, connectors and splices forming the optical path between two terminal devices.
Cabling: A combination of cables, wire, cords and connecting hardware used in the telecommunications infrastructure.
Category:
- ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B series of documents, the North American standards for cabling describes mechanical properties and transmission characteristics of unshielded twistedpair (UTP) cables and screened twisted-pair (ScTP) cables and assigns a unique number classification (category 3, category 5, category 5e, category 6 and category 7).
- ISO/IEC IS 11801 2nd edition, the international standard for cabling and local standardization documents define cabling component categories based on transmission, performance parameters such as attenuation and NEXT loss, over a specified frequency range.
Channel: The end-to-end transmission path connecting any two points at which application specific equipment is connected. Equipment and work area cables are included in the channel. Normally infers the use of 2 fiber strands for each “channel”
Cladding: The lower refractive index optical coating over the core of the fiber that "traps" light into the core. Connector: A device that provides for a demountable connection between two fibers or a fiber and an active device and provides protection for the fiber.
Classification: Application classes for cabling have been identified for the purpose of the ISO/IEC 11801 standard;
Class A : cabling is characterized up to 100 kHz
Class B : cabling is characterized up to 1 MHz
Class C : cabling is characterized up to 16 MHz
Class D : cabling is characterized up to 100 MHz
Class E : cabling is characterized up to 250 MHz
Class F : cabling is characterized up to 600 MHz
Optical Class : optical fiber links are characterized up to 10 MHz and above.
Consolidation Point (CP): A location for interconnection between horizontal cables that extend from building pathways and horizontal cables that extend into work area pathways.
Core: The center of the optical fiber through which light is transmitted.
Coupler: An optical device that splits or combines light from more than one fiber.
Cutoff wavelength: The wavelength beyond which singlemode fiber only supports one mode of propagation.
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D (top)
Decibel (dB): A standard unit for expressing transmission gain or loss as derived from a ratio of signal voltages or power. A unit of measurement of optical power which indicates relative power on a logarithmic scale, sometimes called dBr. dB=10 log ( power ratio)
Demarcation Point (DP): A point at which two services may interface and identify the division of responsibility.
Digital: Signals encoded into discrete bits.
Ducting: See Pathway.
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E (top)
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI): The interference in signal transmission or reception caused by the radiation of electrical and magnetic fields.
Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA): An organization that sets standards for interfaces to ensure compatibility between data communications equipment and data terminal equipment.
Electronic Industries Association: A standards organization that specializes in the electrical and functional characteristics of interface equipment. The organization sets standards for interfaces to ensure compatibility between data communications equipment and data terminal equipment.
Equipment Room (ER): A centralized space for telecommunications equipment that serves the occupants of the building or multiple buildings in a campus environment. An equipment room is considered distinct from a telecommunications room because it is considered to be a building or campus serving (as opposed to floor serving) facility and because of the nature or complexity of the equipment that it contains.
ESCON: IBM standard for connecting peripherals to a computer over fiber optics. Acronym for Enterprise System Connection.
Excess loss: The amount of light lost in a coupler, beyond that inherent in the splitting to multiple output fibers.
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F (top)
FC Connector: A type of optical fiber connector identifiable by its round, screwoperated locking nut. It is usually metal. Its ruggedness leads it to be widely used in test equipment.
Ferrule: A precision tube which holds a fiber for alignment for interconnection or termination. A ferrule may be part of a connector or mechanical splice.
Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI): Operates at 100 megabits per second (Mb/s). Developed by the ANSI X3T9.5 committee. This is a token-passing dual-ring architecture that provides redundancy using fiber optic cable with transmission up to 2 kilometers.
Fiber optics: Light transmission through flexible transmissive fibers for communications or lighting.
Fiber Optic Transmission: A communications scheme whereby electrical data is converted to light energy and transmitted through optical fibers.
Firestop: A material, device, or assembly of parts installed in a cable pathway at a firerated wall or floor to prevent passage of flame, smoke or gases through the rated barrier (e.g. between cubicles or separated rooms or spaces).
Fresnel reflection, back reflection, optical return loss: Light reflected from the cleaved or polished end of a fiber caused by the difference of refractive indices of air and glass. Typically 4% of the incident light.
Fusion splicer: An instrument that splices fibers by fusing or welding them, typically by electrical arc.
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G (top)
G2: Originally a DOD term for Military Intelligence, this is now a synonym for inside information.
GFE: Government Furnished Equipment
GFM/GFP: Government-Furnished Material/Property
GIG: (Air Force) Global Information Grid
Gigabit: When used to describe data transfer rates, it refers to 10 to the 9th power (1,000,000,000) bits. Gigabit Ethernet, abbreviated GbE,supports data transfer rates of 1 Gigabit (1,000 megabits) per second. The first Gigabit Ethernet standard (802.3z) was ratified by the IEEE 802.3 Committee in 1998.
GSA: General Services Administration
GSAR: General Services Administration Acquisition Regulation
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H (top)
Hertz (Hz): A measure of frequency as defined in units of cycles per second.
Home-run Cabling: A distribution method in which individual cables are run directly from the horizontal cross-connect to each telecommunications outlet. This configuration is also known as star topology.
Hub: Equipment that serves as the centralized connection point for a network or portion thereof. Hubs are used for multiplexing, multi-port bridging functions, switching and test access. They can be either passive or active and are not considered to be part of the cabling infrastructure.
Hybrid cable: An assembly of two or more cables, of the same or different types or categories, covered by one overall sheath.
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I (top)
Index matching fluid: A liquid used of refractive index similar to glass used to match the materials at the ends of two fibers to reduce loss and back reflection.
Insertion loss:
- The loss resulting from the insertion of a device in a transmission line, expressed as the reciprocal of the ratio of the signal power delivered to that part of the line following the device to the signal power delivered to that same part before insertion.
- In an optical fiber system, the loss of optical power caused by inserting a component, such as a connector, coupler or splice, into a previously continuous optical path.
Insertion loss: The loss caused by the insertion of a component such as a splice or connector in an optical fiber.
Interbuilding Backbone: Telecommunications cable(s) that are part of the campus subsystem that connect one building to another.
Intermediate Distribution Frame (IDF): In a central office or customer premises, a frame that (a) cross connects the user cable media to individual user line circuits and (b) may serve as a distribution point for multipair cables from the main distribution frame (MDF) to individual cables connected to equipment in areas remote from these frames.
Intrabuilding backbone: Telecommunications cable(s) that are part of the building subsystem that connect one equipment room to another.
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J (top)
Jacket: The protective outer coating of the cable.
Jumper cable: A short single fiber cable with connectors on both ends used for interconnecting other cables or testing.
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K (top)
KPP: Key Performance Parameter
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L (top)
Launch cable: A known good fiber optic jumper cable attached to a source and calibrated for output power used used as a reference cable for loss testing. This cable must be made of fiber and connectors of a matching type to the cables to be tested.
LC: LC is clipped to make a duplex connector. Multimode or singlemode (used evenly). Used in Switches and DASD equipment for SAN. Used in Switches, DASD, and CPU’s for Ficon.
Light-emitting diode, LED: A semiconductor device that emits light when stimulated by an electrical current. Used in transmitters for multimode fiber links.
Link: An end-to-end transmission path provided by the cabling infrastructure. Cabling links include all cables and connecting hardware that comprise the horizontal or backbone subsystems. Equipment and work area cables are not included as part of a link.
Link, fiber optic: A combination of transmitter, receiver and fiber optic cable connecting them capable of transmitting data. May be analog or digital.
Long wavelength: A commonly used term for light in the 1300 and 1550 nm ranges.
Loss, optical: The amount of optical power lost as light is transmitted through fiber, splices, couplers, etc.
Loss budget: The amount of power lost in the link. Often used in terms of the maximum amount of loss that can be tolerated by a given link.
Loose Tube: A protective tube loosely surrounding a cabled fiber, often filled with a water blocking gel. Type of cable design, primarily for outdoor use, where one or more fibers are enclosed in hard plastic tubes. Fibers are usually buffered to 250 microns.
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M (top)
Mechanical splice: A semi-permanent connection between two fibers made with an alignment device and index matching fluid or adhesive.
Micron (*m): A unit of measure, 10-6 m, used to measure wavelength of light.
Micron (um): Another term for micrometer. One millionth of a meter. 10exp-6 meter.
Mode: A single electromagnetic field pattern that travels in fiber.
MTP: “Unisex” connector must determine male or female. Multimode has Beige Housings and polished flat Singlemode have Green Housings and polished at an angle. 4,8,12,24 Fiber. Must be used with Ribbon cable or “special” 900um (Distribution)
MTRJ: “Unisex” connector must determine male or female. Back of Panels are Male. Plug into machine or panel are Female. Multimode or Singlemode (Most applications are Multimode). Mostly used in Patch Panels and the IBM E390 “Freeway”
Multimode fiber: A fiber with core diameter much larger than the wavelength of light transmitted that allows many modes of light to propagate. Commonly used with LED sources for lower speed, short distance links.
Multi-Mode Fiber: An optical waveguide in which light travels in multiple modes. Typical core/cladding sizes (measured in microns) are 50/125, 62.5/125, and 100/140.
Multiplexing: The process by which two or more signals are transmitted over a single communications channel. Examples include time-division multiplexing and wavelengthdivision multiplexing.
Multi-user Telecommunications Outlet Assembly (MuTOA): A grouping in one location of several telecommunications/outlet connectors.
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N (top)
Nanometer (nm): A unit of measure, 10-9 m, used to measure the wavelength of light.
Nanosecond (ns): One billionth of a second (10 - 9 seconds).
NEC: National Electrical Code. Defines building flammatory requirements for indoor cables.
Network Demarcation Point: The point of interconnection between the local exchange carrier’s telecommunication facilities and the telecommunications systems wiring and equipment as the end user’s facility. This point shall be located on the subscriber side of the telephone company’s protector or the equivalent thereof in cases where a protector is not required.
Numerical aperture (NA): A measure of the light acceptance angle of the fiber.
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O (top)
OFC: Optical Fiber Conductive
OFCP: Optical Fiber Conductive Plenum
OFCR: Optical Fiber Conductive Riser
OFN: Optical Fiber Non-conductive
OFNP: Optical Fiber Non-conductive Plenum
OFNR: Optical Fiber Non-conductive Riser
Optical fiber: An optical waveguide, comprised of a light carrying core and cladding which traps light in the core.
Optical return loss, back reflection: Light reflected from the cleaved or polished end of a fiber caused by the difference of refractive indices of air and glass. Typically 4% of the incident light. Expressed in dB relative to incident power.
Optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR): An instruments that used backscattered light to find faults in optical fiber and infer loss.
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P (top)
Patch Cord: A length of cable with connectors on one or both ends used to join telecommunications links at a cross-connect.
Patch Panel: hardware that typically provides means to connect horizontal or backbone cables to an arrangement of fixed connectors that may be accessed using patch cords or equipment cords to form cross-connections or interconnections.
Pathway: A facility (i.e. conduit) for the placement and protection of telecommunications cables. Same as raceway or ducting.
Physical Contact (PC): Connectors aligned and mated so that no air gaps exist between them. Positive contact between fibers exist. Also see Connector Back Reflection.
Pigtail: A short length of fiber attached to a fiber optic component such as a laser or coupler.
Plenum: An air-handling space such as that found above drop-ceiling tiles or in raised floors. Also, a fire-code rating for indoor cable. Air duct inside buildings through which cable can be pulled or housed.
Plenum Cable: A cable whose flammability and smoke characteristics allow it to be routed in a plenum area without being enclosed in a conduit.
Point-to-Point: A connection established between two specific locations, as between two buildings.
Power meter, fiber optic: An instrument that measures optical power emanating form the end of a fiber.
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Q (top)
QAE: Quality Assurance Evaluator
QAP: Quality Assurance Personnel
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R (top)
Raceway: See Pathway.
Receive cable: A known good fiber optic jumper cable attached to a power meter used as a reference cable for loss testing. This cable must be made of fiber and connectors of a matching type to the cables to be tested.
Receiver: A device containing a photodiode and signal conditioning circuitry that converts light to an electrical signal in fiber optic links.
Repeater, regenerator: A device that receives a fiber optic signal and regenerates it for retransmission, used in very long fiber optic links.
Return Loss: Noise or interference caused by impedance discontinuities along the transmission line at various frequencies. Return loss is expressed in decibels.
Riser: Pathways for indoor cables that pass between floors. It is normally a vertical shaft or space. Also, a fire-code rating for indoor cable.
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S (top)
SC: Older Equipment utilizes SC. SC is clipped to make a duplex connector. Used for multimode or singlemode. Used in “older model IBM” Switches, DASD, CPU’s.
SCDC: Corning only maker of connector, Only used in IBM applications in patch panels. Considered a proprietary connector to IBM
Short wavelength: A commonly used term for light in the 665, 790, and 850 nm ranges.
Simplex Cable: A term sometimes used for a single-fiber cable.
Singlemode fiber: A fiber with a small core, only a few times the wavelength of light transmitted, that only allows one mode of light to propagate. Commonly used with laser sources for high speed, long distance links.
Single-Mode Fiber: An optical waveguide (or fiber) in which the signal travels through its core. The fiber has a smaller core diameter.
Singlemode Optical Fiber: An optical fiber that will allow only one mode to propagate; this fiber is typically a step-index fiber.
Small Form Factor: An optical fiber connector and adapter that provide for two strands of fiber in a surface area similar to an unshielded twisted-pair (RJ-style) plug and socket.
Source: A laser diode or LED used to inject an optical signal into fiber.
Splice (fusion or mechanical): A device that provides for a connection between two fibers, typically intended to be permanent.
ST: A connector type with a bayonet housing which is spring loaded "ST" stands for "straight tip".
Star Topology:
- A method of cabling each telecommunications outlet/connector directly to a crossconnect in a horizontal cabling subsystem.
- A method of cabling each cross-connect (HC and IC) to the main cross-connect (MC) in a backbone cabling subsystem.
Step index fiber: A multimode fiber where the core is all the same index of refraction.
Strength Member: That part of a fiber optic cable composed of Kevlar aramid yarn, steel strands, or fiberglass filaments that increase the tensile strength of the cable
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T (top)
Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA): An organization that sets standards for cabling, pathways, spaces, grounding, bonding, administration, field testing and other aspects of the telecommunications industry.
Termination: Preparation of the end of a fiber to allow connection to another fiber or an active device, sometimes also called "connectorization".
Test cable: A short single fiber jumper cable with connectors on both ends used for testing. This cable must be made of fiber and connectors of a matching type to the cables to be tested.
Test kit: A kit of fiber optic instruments, typically including a power meter, source and test accessories used for measuring loss and power.
Test source: A laser diode or LED used to inject an optical signal into fiber for testing loss of the fiber or other components.
Thermal Stability: A measure of insertion loss variation as the device undergoes various environmental changes.
Tight Buffer: Type of cable construction whereby each glass fiber is tightly buffered by a protective thermoplastic coating to a diameter of 900 microns. High tensile strength rating achieved, providing durability, ease of handling and ease of connectorization.
Topology: The physical layout of a network.
Transmitter: A device which includes a LED or laser source and signal conditioning electronics that is used to inject a signal into fiber.
Transmission Loss: Total loss encountered in transmission through a system.
Trunk: A communication line between two switching systems. The term “switching systems” typically includes equipment in a central office (the telephone company) and PBXs. A tie trunk connects PBXs. Central office trunks connect a PBX to the switching system at the central office.
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U (top)
UL: Underwriters Laboratories Inc
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V (top)
Visual fault locator: A device that couples visible light into the fiber to allow visual tracing and testing of continuity. Some are bright enough to allow finding breaks in fiber through the cable jacket.
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W (top)
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM): A technique of sending signals of several different wavelengths of light into the fiber simultaneously.
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X (top)
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Y (top)
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Z (top)
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ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS (top)
ACR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Attenuation-to-crosstalk ratio
ADO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auxiliary disconnect outlet
ADSL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line
ANSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . American National Standards Institute
ATM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asynchronous transfer mode
AWG. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . American wire gauge
BD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building distributor
BER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bit Error Rate
BFOC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bayonet Fiber Optic Connector
b/s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bits per second
CD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Campus distributor
CDDI® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copper Distributed Data Interface
CM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common mode
CP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidation point
CPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Customer premises equipment
CSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canadian Standards Association
dB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Decibel
DD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distribution device
EF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Entrance facility
EIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic Industries Alliance
ELFEXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equal level far-end crosstalk
EMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electromagnetic compatibility
EMI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electromagnetic interference
EMR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electromagnetic radiation
ER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equipment room
FCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal Communications Commission
FD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Floor distributor
FDDI® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fiber Distributed Data Interface
ft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feet
FEXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Far-end crosstalk
FIPS PUB . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal Information Processing Standard Publication
FTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foil twisted-pair
Gb/s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gigabit per second
GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gigahertz
HC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Horizontal cross-connect
HVAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
Hz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hertz
IC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intermediate cross-connect
IDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insulation displacement connection
IDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intermediate Distribution Frame
IEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers®
ISDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Integrated Services Digital Network
ISO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . International Standards Organization
JTC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joint technical committee
Kb/s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kilobit per second
Km . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kilometer
KTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Key telephone system
LAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local area network
lbf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pounds force
lx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lux
LEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local exchange carrier
LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Light emitting diode
m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meter
µm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Micron; one millionth of a meter (0.000001); also micrometer
Mb/s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Megabits per second
MC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Main cross-connect
MDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Main distribution frame
MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Megahertz
MHz*km . . . . . . . . . . . . Megahertz kilometer
mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Millimeter
MT-RJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mechanical Transfer Registered Jack
MuTOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multi-user Telecommunications Outlet Assembly
NEC® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . National Electrical Code®
NEMA® . . . . . . . . . . . . . National Electrical Manufacturers Association®
NEXT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Near-end crosstalk
NFPA® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . National Fire Protection Association®
! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ohm
nm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nanometer
PBX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private branch exchange
PVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Polyvinyl chloride
RF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radio frequency
RMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rack mount space
SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subscriber connector
ScTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Screened twisted-pair
SOHO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Small office home office
STP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shielded twisted-pair
TIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications Industry Association
TO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications outlet
TP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transition point
TP-PMD. . . . . . . . . . . . . Twisted-Pair Physical Media Dependent
TPDDI® . . . . . . . . . . . . . Twisted-Pair Distributed Data Interface
TSB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications System Bulletin
UL® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Underwriters Laboratories Inc.®
UPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uninterruptible power supply
USOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Universal Service Order Code
UTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unshielded twisted-pair
Vrms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Volts root mean square
WA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Work area
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WHITE PAPERS
 IT Infrastructure Benefits from Best Practices Fire and Smoke Wall Management
DuPont Abandoned Cable Services
DuPont Communications Cabling Solutions
Standards Update 04/01/2010
Standards Update 11/02/2009
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